Machine learning is an essential component of artificial intelligence. Whether it’s powering recommendation engines, fraud detection systems, self-driving cars, generative AI, or any of the countless ...

Objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality globally, necessitating early risk ...

Data Normalization vs. Standardization is one of the most foundational yet often misunderstood topics in machine learning and ...

BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia is often clinically silent and associated with increased cardiovascular risk, particularly in women. Conventional ECG-based detection is limited, ...

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States ...